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Scan 58
A dictionary of musical terms, 1889
47 lines. Read by computer on 12 September 2026, twice; the two readings disagreed in places. No printed page number was found. See the scan on archive.org.
1Bariton (Fr.) The barytone voice.
2Baritono (It.) The barytone voice. [Barytone.]
3Baritone voice. [Barytone.]
4Barocco (It.) Unusual, singular, eccentric, whimsical, irregular.
5Barock (Ger.) Applied to a composition with over-chromatic harmonies, or unrhythmical melodic phrasing.
6Baroque (Fr.) [Baarpyp.]
7Barquarde (Fr.) An obsolete term for Barcarolle, q.v.
8Barré (Fr.) In guitar or lute playing, the pressing of the fore-finger of the left hand across all the strings, so as to alter temporarily the pitch of the instrument, the remaining fingers being at the same time engaged in forming a chord. The first finger, therefore, performs the duties of a capotasto, q.v.
9Barre de luth (Fr.) The bridge of the lute.
10Barre de mesure (Fr.) [Bar.]
11Barre de répétition (Fr.) A double bar with points, marking a repeat.
13Barrel. A revolving cylinder of wood or metal.
14(1) Barrel-organ. An organ in which a wooden cylinder furnished with pegs or staples, when turned round, opens a series of valves to admit a current of air to a set of pipes, producing a tune either in melody or harmony. The barrels are sometimes made moveable, in order to obtain a variety in the tunes, as the capability of a single barrel is necessarily limited. Barrel organs furnished with hymn and psalm tunes, or even voluntaries, were sometimes used in places of worship, but the increased knowledge of music, even in remote places, has led to the introduction of the harmonium, which has superseded the use of barrel organs to a great extent. The tone of barrel organs is incapable of expression or variety, and has consequently been found seriously monotonous. The only advantage belonging to the instrument is its portability, and this renders it available for street musicians, who generally hire one at a small charge, the cost of the instrument (from £20 to £70) being beyond their means. Many of the poor miners are cruelly used by the Padrone from whom they obtain their instruments. The barrel-organ, as a street entertainment in London, dates from about the year 1790. The stops in a barrel-organ generally consist of a stopped diapason and flute or principal, to which is sometimes added a reed stop of coarse quality. The compass rarely exceeds two octaves and a half. one of two readings
15(1) Barrel-organ. An organ in which a wooden cylinder furnished with pegs or staples, when turned round, opens a series of valves to admit a current of air to a set of pipes, producing a tune either in melody or harmony. The barrels are sometimes made moveable, in order to obtain a variety in the tunes, as the capability of a single barrel is necessarily limited. Barrel organs furnished with hymn and psalm tunes, or even voluntaries, were sometimes used in places of worship, but the increased knowledge of music, even in remote places, has led to the introduction of the harmonium, which has superseded the use of barrel organs to a great extent. The tone of barrel organs is incapable of expression or variety, and has consequently been found seriously monotonous. The only advantage belonging to the instrument is its portability, and this renders it available for streetmusicians, who generally hire one at a small charge, the cost of the instrument (from £20 to £70) being beyond their means. Many of the poor miners are cruelly used by the Padrone from whom they obtain their instruments. The barrel-organ, as a street entertainment in London, dates from about the year 1790. The stops in a barrel-organ generally consist of a stopped diapason and flute or principal, to which is sometimes added a reed stop of coarse quality. The compass rarely exceeds two octaves and a half. one of two readings
16(2) Barrel of a musical box is constructed in a manner somewhat similar to that of an organ, but is of metal, and instead of opening a series of valves, the pegs and staples set in vibration the teeth of a steel comb, which produce the sounds. [Musical box.]
17Barypycni (med. Lat., from Gk. βαρύς deep, and πυκνός close). (1) Lowest strings of tetrachords in the chromatic or enharmonic scale. (2) In ecclesiastical music, those modes which have the pycnon or semitone at the bottom of the tetrachord, e.g.: one of two readings
18Barypycni (med. Lat., from Gk. βαρύς deep, and πυκνός close). (1) Lowest strings of tetrachords in the chromatic or enharmonic scale. (2) In ecclesiastical music, those modes which have the pycnon or semitone at the bottom of the tetrachord, e.g. : one of two readings
20Phrygian. Hypophrygian.
22see mesopycni, oxypycni.
23Barytone voice. A voice of fuller quality than a tenor and lighter than a bass, having a compass partly included in both, namely,
25to one of two readings
26(no line here) one of two readings
28This is the extreme compass, and both limits are rarely reached.
29This voice has only been distinguished by name, as being of a separate character, within the present century. Early writers indicate its existence by the use of its special clef. The term Barytone is unmeaning, unless it be looked upon as a corruption of Barytenor, but it is quite possible it was borrowed from the instrument Barytone or Bardone, which occupied a place between the tenor and bass viols. Rousseau calls this voice Basse-chantante, or Basse-taille; and Shield, in his "Introduction to Harmony," having used the word Barytone, thinks it necessary to explain in a foot-note that it is "a voice between a tenor and a bass."
30Bas-dessus (Fr.) Mezzo soprano, or second treble.
31Base. Old form of the word Bass.
32Bass. Low, as bass trombone, bass viol, bass voice, &c.
33Bassa ottava (It.) At the lower octave.
34Basse (Fr.) Bass.
35Basse chantante (Fr.) A barytone voice.
36Basse chiffrée (Fr.) A figured bass, a bass part, the harmonies of which are expressed by numbers.
37Basse contrainte (Fr.). [Ground bass.]
38Basse contre (Fr.) A deep bass voice, capable of singing below the ordinary bass part.
39Basse de cremone (Fr.) The bassoon.
40Basse de hautbois (Fr.) Corno inglese.
41Basse d'harmonie (Fr.) The ophicleide.
42Basse de viole (Fr.) The violoncello.
43Basse de violon (Fr.) Double-bass.
44Basse double (Fr.) Large double-bass.
45Basse figurée (Fr.) Figured bass.
46Basse fondamentale (Fr.) Root-bass or generator. [Harmony.]
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