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Scan 979
Baker's biographical dictionary of musicians, 1919
10 lines. Read by computer on 4 September 2026. Printed page 958. See the scan on archive.org.
1in Copenhagen; after a year's leave of absence for further study in Florence he returned in 1885 with his voice almost ruined, and after a few unsucc. appearances retired from the stage. In 1888 he settled in Leipzig, where he became interested in the method of Müller-Brunow (q. v.), which he adopted with good results; 1898–1902, in Copenhagen; from then in Munich. Among his pupils are Katharina Flüggen (his daughter), Ejnar Forchhammer, Emil Holm, Paul Knüpfer, etc.
3Toscani'ni, Arturo, distinguished conductor; born Parma, Mar. 25, 1867. St. at the Parma Cons. with Carini (vcl.) and Dacci (comp.), graduating as winner of the 1st prize for 'cello-playing; began his career as 'cellist, and in 1886 was eng. for the opera in Rio de Janeiro (Teatro Dom Pedro II). On the second night of his engagement he made an unexpected début as cond. (with Aida); a new Italian cond. was hissed before the end of the prelude, and as he left the desk, T. immediately took up the baton; his magnetic personality thrilled singers and audience, and at the conclusion he received a veritable ovation and was eng. as regular cond. From there he went to the Teatro Cavignano in Turin, then to Treviso, Bologna and Genoa; in 1898 Gatti-Casazza (q. v.) assumed the management of La Scala in Milan, and eng. T. as principal cond. for the opera and symphony concerts. From 1908, when Gatti-Casazza became dir.-general of the M. O. H. in New York, until 1915, T. was principal conductor there. His début (Aida, Nov. 16, 1908) aroused enthusiasm; after his first introduction as a cond. of Wagner (Götterdämmerung, Dec. 10) critical opinion found expression only in superlatives. He prepared the Amer. premières of Puccini's Le Villi (1908), Catalani's La Wally (1909), Franchetti's Germania (1910), Gluck's Armide (1910), Dukas's Ariane et Barbe-bleue (1911), Wolf-Ferrari's Le Donne curiose (1912) and Amore Medico (1914), Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov (1913), Montemezzi's Amore dei tre Re (1914); he also cond. 2 world-premières at the M. O. H., Puccini's La Fanciulla del West (Dec. 10, 1910) and Gior-dano's Madame Sans-Gêne (Jan. 25, 1915); as a symphonic cond. he was heard only twice (April 13 and 18, 1913) in a masterly rendition of the same program (Wagner's Faust-Ouverture, Strauss's Till Eulenspiegels lustige Streiche and Beethoven's Ninth Symphony). In the spring of 1915 he returned to Italy and placed his art at the service of his country for patriotic and charitable purposes.—Among the world's great orchestral leaders he stands forth as one of the commanding figures. A magnetic personality, he communicates his own enthusiasm to all under his direction. Although he prefers Wagner's music to all other, his readings of the works of all schools and nationalities are equally authoritativ. Extreme near-sightedness compelled him early to commit all scores to memory, so to-day he conducts by heart almost 100 opera: besides an enormous concert-répertoire.
5To'si, Pier Francesco, celebrated castrattista (musico) and singing-teacher; born Bologna, 1647; d. London, 1727. Pupil his father, the comp. Giuseppe Felice I sang successfully in Italy, Dresden, etc., and in 1692 settled in London, where he gave regular concerts, and was highly esteemed as a vocal teacher. He owes his fame chiefly to the work Opinioni de' cantori antichi moderni o sieno osservazioni sopra il canto figurato (Bologna, 1723; in English [Galliard, 1742, as Observations on the Florid Song, etc. in German [Agricola] as Anleitung zur Singkunst, 1757; in French [Lemaire] as l'Art du Chant, Opinions . . ., 1774. The Ital. ed. was reprinted in 1904; the Engl., 1906).
7To'sti, Sir Francesco Paolo, celebrated singing-master and vocal composer; b Ortona, Abruzzi, April 9, 1846; d. Rome, Dec. 3, 1916. Pupil, from 1858, of the Collegio di S. Pietro a Majella, Naples, and was app. sub-teacher (maestrino) by Mercadante, resigning on account of ill health in 1869. After this he became singing-teacher to the court at Rome; visited London in 1875, had great success in concerts, and settled there as a teacher, becoming singing-master to the Royal Family in 1880, and prof. of singing at the R. A. M. in 1894; was knighted in 1908. In 1913 he returned to Italy, taking up his residence in Rome. Besides many original songs, both English and Italian, he published a coll. of 'Canti popolari abruzzesi' (Milan).
9Tott'mann, Karl Albert, b. Zittau, July 31, 1837. Studied in Dresden, and at the Leipzig Cons. (Hauptmann); was a violinist in the Gewandhaus Orch., and cond. at the Old Theatre 1868–70. Living in Leipzig as a writer, teacher of mus. theory, esthetics, and history; also lecturing.—Publ. Kritisches Repertorium der gesammten Violin- und Bratschen-Litteratur (1873; 3d ed., 1900, as Führer durch die Violinlitteratur; a compendious and valuable work, earning him the title of Professor from the King of Bavaria); Abriss der Musikgeschichte (1883); Der Schulgesang und seine Bedeutung für die Verstandes- und Herzensbildung der Jugend (1887; 2d ed. 1904); Das Büchlein von der Geige (1890; 2d, augm. ed. 1904); Die Hausmusik: Das Klavierspiel (1904); Mozart's Zauberflöte (1908); many detached essays in journals, etc.; also a melodrama, Dornröschen, f. soli, ch. and orch.; Ave Maria f. 4-part female chorus and solo; Hymn f. 3-part male ch., soli and brass; sacred and secular choruses, songs, etc.
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