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Scan 308
Baker's biographical dictionary of musicians, 1919
14 lines. Read by computer on 4 September 2026. Printed page 288. See the scan on archive.org.
1she sang Eva at Bayreuth, and after the Mozart and Wagner festivals in Munich (1905, '06) the Prince-Regent Luitpold decorated her with the Order of King Ludwig for Art and Science. On Nov. 11, 1892, she was married to Lieutenant Hans Tauscher. With a voice of great volume and purity she combines a stately presence and histrionic ability of a high order. Although famous chiefly as a Wagner singer, she has actually sung about 40 rôles; her favorites are Isolde, Brünnhilde, Elisabeth, Aida and Santuzza.
3Gafo'rio (or Gafori, Gafuri, Gaffurio), Franchino (Latinized 'Franchinus Gafurius'; often simply 'Franchinus'), celebrated theorist; b. Lodi, Jan. 14, 1451; d. Milan, June 24, 1522. Intended for the church, he studied theology and music together; lived in Mantua, Verona, and (1477) Genoa; he formed an intimacy with the fugitive Doge Prospero Adorno, and fled with him to Naples. Here he met various distinguished musicians, and held public disputations with Filippo da Caserta and G. Spataro. The plague and the Turkish invasion drove him to Lodi; he was choirmaster at Monticello for 3 years, made a short visit to Bergamo, and in 1484 became singer and master of the boys in Milan cath., and first singer in the choir of Duke Lodovico Sforza. In 1485 he also founded a music-school at Milan, which prospered. His writings, valuable at the period, and still important to musical history, were as follows: Theoricum opus harmonicae disciplinae (Naples, 1480; 2d ed. Milan, 1492, as Theoria musicae); Practica musicae sive musicae actiones in IV libris (Milan, 1496; his magnum opus, with examples of mensural notation in block-print; other eds. 1497, 1502, 1512); Angelicum ac divinum opus musicae … materna lingua scriptum (Milan, 1508); De harmonia musicorum instrumentorum opus (1518, Milan, with biography of G. by P. Meleguli); Apologia Franchini Gafurii adversus Joannem Spatarium et complices musicos Bononenses (Turin, 1520; a satirico-polemical effusion dictated by the old musician's overweening vanity; it added fuel to the heated controversy between the Milanese and Bolognese schools).—Cf. E. Prætorius, Die Mensuraltheorie des G. F. u. der folgenden Zeit bis zur Mitte d.16. Jahrh. (Leipzig, 1905).—See Q.-Lex.
5Gaglia'no, the name of a family of famous violin-makers at Naples. Alessandro, who worked from 1695-1725, was a pupil of Stradivari, and he, as well as his sons Nicolò (1700-40) and Gennaro (1710-50), followed largely the Stradivari model. The instruments of Ferdinando (1736-81), a son of Nicolò, exhibit less skilful workmanship than those of the older members of the family.
7Gaglia'no [gahl-yah'-], Marco di Zano'bi da, early opera-composer; b. Gagliano, circa 1575; d. Florence, Feb. 24, 1642. He was a pupil of L. Bati; in 1608 he became maestro at S. Lorenzo in Florence; 1609 canon, and 1614 Apostolic Prothonotary. In 1607 he founded the 'Accademia degl' Elevati.'—Publ. works: Dafne, 'opera in musica' (his most important work; first played at Mantua, 1607; publ. Florence, 1608, and reprinted, with the continuo written out, by R. Eitner in vol. x of the 'Publikation älterer … Musikwerke'); Masses a 5 (Venice, 1579); Responsori della settimana santa a 4 voci (Venice, 1580; considered his finest work); 6 vols. of Madrigals a 5 (1602-17); Musiche a 1, 2, e 3 voci (Venice, 1615, with continuo).—Cf. E. Vogel, M. da G. Zur Geschichte des florentiner Musiklebens 1570-1650, in 'Vschr. f. M.-W.' (1899).—See Q.-Lex.
9Gäh'rich, Wenzel, b. Zerchowitz, Bohemia, Sept. 16, 1794; d. Berlin, Sept. 15, 1864. A law-student in Leipzig, he turned musician, joining the Leipzig theatre-orch. as a violinist, and (1825) the royal orch. at Berlin. His ballets Don Quichotte, Die Insel der Liebe, Die Seeräuber, Aladdin, etc., were very successful, and he was app. ballet-master at the court opera (1845-60).—Other works: 2 operas (not perf.); 2 symphonies; a pf.-quartet; a concerto for vla. and orch.; 5 colls. of dances; songs, etc.
11Gaïl, Edmée-Sophie (née Garre), talented comp.; b. Paris, Aug. 28, 1775; d. there July 24, 1819. Singing-pupil of Mengozzi; made a concert-tour through southern France and Spain; studied theory under Fétis, Perne, and Neukomm. Sang in London, 1816; in Germany and Vienna, 1818. Married the Greek prof. Jean-Baptiste Gaïl.—Operas: Les deux jaloux (1813); Madem. de Launay à la Bastille (1813); Angéla (1814, with Boieldieu); La Méprise (1814); La Sérénade (1818); vocal romances and nocturnes.
13Gailhard [gäh-yahr'], Pierre, b. Toulouse, Aug. 1, 1848. He began his vocal studies in his native city, and entered the Paris Cons. in 1866; after one year of study under Révial he graduated in 1867, carrying off three first prizes; début at Op.-Comique, Dec. 4, 1867, as Falstaff in Thomas' Songe d'une nuit d'été; he immediately became a favorite, and in the four years of his engagement created the chief bass rôles in Offenbach's Vert-Vert, Semet's Petite Fadette and Auber's Rêve d'Amour. On Nov. 3, 1871, he made his début at the Opéra as Mephistopheles (Faust); here his success was no less pronounced than at the Op.-Com., so that he was compared with the idolized Faure. At the height of his powers and success he gave up the stage when, in 1884, he accepted, jointly with M. Ritt, the management of the famous insti-
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