Scan 180
Catalogue of the stearns collection of musical instruments 2nd edition, 1921
23 lines. Read by computer on 29 September 2026. Printed page 156. See the scan on archive.org.
1The sur-cringara (India), a combination of the rebab and lute, is another illustration of a mixed type. It has 8 wire strings, of which 7 are sympathetic. The string at the extreme right alone is played. The tone is full and warm. Tuning c''-c''-e'-c-g-c'-d'-g'. (Day, p. 121.)
31032. TANBUR …………………………………………….. Persia
4A pear-shaped body with an extremely long neck, both of which are of ebony inlaid with mother-of-pearl in a very artistic manner. Seven fine wire strings. Thirteen frets.
5Length, 130.5 cm.; of body, 42.5 cm.; width, 18 cm.; depth, 17 cm.
71033. SAZ. Tanbur type ……………………………………… Algeria
8Miniature type. Slender neck with two flat heads. Wire strings. The entire instrument is covered with an inlay of tortoise-shell, mother-of-pearl, and ivory.
9Length, 47 cm.; of body, 14 cm.; width, 7 cm.; depth, 5 cm.
11In essentials the Lute (Fr. Luth; Ital. Liuto; Ger. Laute; Span. Laud; Port. Alaude) harks back to Egypt. Migrating to Arabia it was carried to Spain by the Moors, and soon became a favorite European instrument. During the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries it was regnant. The French name Luthier, for violin-maker, is derived from the fact that during its vogue he also made lutes. Any doubts as to the pronunciation of the word in England are dispelled by the early spelling—"lewte." In the course of the lute's career it underwent minor structural changes but retained its essential characteristics, among which must be noted its unfortunate tendency to go out of tune with, or without, provocation.
131034. KUITRA, or KOUITARA. Arabian lute ………………… Algeria
14Deep body of wood. Four pairs of gut strings. A triangular sound-hole. All string instruments of this type have rather large sound-holes, necessitated by the fact that the strings are plucked.
15As in all lutes, the peg-box is placed at an angle from the rest of the neck.
16Length, 88.5 cm.; of body, 43 cm.; width, 27 cm.; depth, 17 cm.
181035. E'OU'D, or UD. (Pl. idan). Early Arabian lute ………… Egypt
19Body of nineteen alternating strips of light and dark wood. Short neck similarly inlaid. Rosette sound-hole. Six pairs of gut strings.
20Length, 90 cm.; of body, 50 cm.; width, 34 cm.; depth, 18 cm.
21At the time it was introduced into Spain by the Moors it was known as the alud. This instrument, probably of Persian origin, is described by Al Farabi in the tenth century.
22Quoting from Mafatih al 'Ulum, "Keys to the Sciences," an
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