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Scan 26
Dictionary of music, 1900
31 lines. Read by computer on 3 September 2026, twice; the two readings disagreed in places. Printed page 18. See the scan on archive.org.
1Alembert, Jean le Rond d', the famous mathematician, who gave a scientific account of Rameau's musical system; b. Nov. 16, 1717, Paris, d. there, Oct. 29, 1783. His works relating to music are: "Éléments de musique théorique et pratique, suivant les principes de M. Rameau" (1752, passed through many editions; German by Marpurg, 1757). Besides this (in the Mémoires of the Berlin Academy), "Untersuchungen über die Kurve einer schwingenden Saite" (1747 and 1750); "Ueber die Schwingungen tönender Körper" (1761, etc.); and "Ueber die Fortpflanzungs-geschwindigkeit des Tons," etc.
3Alessandri, Felice, b. 1742, Rome, trained at Naples; he was at first maestro at Turin, then led a stirring life in Paris, London, Petersburg, and in various Italian cities. From 1789 to 1792 he was second conductor at the Berlin Opera, but was driven out of this post by intrigues, and died at Berlin in 1811. His 25 operas had everywhere only an ephemeral success; also his character does not appear to have been free from blame.
5Alessandro Romano, named della Viola, was singer in the Pope's Chapel about 1560, afterwards Olivetan monk. He wrote motets, madrigals, etc., and, according to Fétis, also instrumental compositions (for viola). Of his works have been preserved only two books of "Canzoni alla Neapolitana" (1572 and 1575), the second book of his Madrigals (1577), a book of Motets à 5 (1579), and detached pieces in the collection, "Delle muse libri, III., etc." (1555-61).
7Alexandre-Orgel. (See AMERICAN ORGAN.)
9Alfarabi, more correctly, El Farabi (Alpharabius), also named, in abbreviated form, Farabi, after his birthplace, Farab, the present Otrar in the land beyond the Oxus. He was the famous Arabian musical theorist, b. about 900 A.D., and died somewhere about 950. His real name was Abu Nasyr Mohammed Ben Tarchan. A. possessed a sound knowledge of the Greek writers on music, and attempted, though in vain, to introduce the Greek system of scales into his own country. Anyhow, the Arabians do not seem to have required schooling from the Greeks. (Cf. ARABIANS and PERSIANS.)
11Alfieri, Abbate Pietro, at one time Camaldulian monk, was professor of singing at the English College, Rome, b. June 29, 1801, Rome, d. there June 12, 1863. He published many treatises on Plain Song ("Accompagnamento coll' organo, etc.," 1840); "Ristabilmente del Canto, etc." (1843); "Saggio storico," etc. (1855); and also a "Prodromo sulla restaurazione," etc. (1857); biographical sketches of Bern, Bittoni, Jomelli, and others, and the well-known "Raccolta di musica sacra," a first reprint of Palestrina's works in seven thick volumes, with a few sets of pieces by other masters (Genet, Goudimel, Festa, Morales in the last volume). This collection preceded any others of smaller extent ("Excerpta ex celebr. de mus. viris," 1840; "Motets of Palestrina, Vittoria, Anerio, etc.," 1841), etc. He also translated into Italian Catel's "Traité d'harmonie" (1840).
13Algarotti, Francesco, b. Dec. 11, 1712, Venice, d. May 3, 1764, Pisa; a man of wide culture and worldly wisdom; he was drawn to Berlin by Frederick the Great in 1746, where he remained for nine years as chamberlain, and was raised to the dignity of Count. In 1749 he returned to Italy for the sake of his health; a monument was erected to him in Pisa by Frederick the Great. A. wrote, among other things, "Saggio sopra l'opera in musica" (1755, many times republished, and translated into French and German).
15Aliquotflügel. (See BLÜTHNER.)
16Aliquot tones. (See OVERTONES.)
17À livre ouvert (Fr.), at sight.
19Alkan, Charles Henri Valentin (Morhange, called A.), b. Nov. 30, 1813, Paris, d. there March 29, 1888; was admitted to the Conservatoire of Paris in his sixth year, received the first solfège prize after a year and a half's study, and, at the age of 10, the first pianoforte prize (pupil of Zimmermann). In 1831 he competed for the Prix de Rome, and obtained honourable mention. From that time he devoted himself to composition and to teaching, appearing from time to time as pianist at the Conservatoire concerts and elsewhere. A. was highly esteemed in Paris, and published a number of excellent pianoforte works (Preludes, Études, Marches, a Concerto, a Sonata, etc.).—His brother, Napoléon Morhange A., b. Feb. 2, 1826, Paris, is a sound pianist, and has published detached pianoforte pieces.
21All', alla (Ital.), to the, at the, in the, in the style of.
23Allabreve-Time (named also alla cappella) is a 4/4, or rather 2/2 time, in which, not crotchets, but minims are beaten (counted); it is indicated by the sign Ç. The so-called great A., indicated by ÇÇ (the old Ç formerly employed to give to the breve the value of 30 with breve counts), or 2/1 is likewise counted in minims, of which it contains four. (Cf. BREVIS.) one of two readings
24Allabreve-Time (named also alla cappella) is a 4/4, or rather 2/2 time, in which, not crotchets, but minims are beaten (counted); it is indicated by the sign 𝅘𝅥. The so-called great A., indicated by 𝅘𝅥𝅮 (the old 𝅘𝅥 formerly employed to give to the breve the value of 30 with breve counts), or 2/1 is likewise counted in minims, of which it contains four. (Cf. BREVIS.) one of two readings
26Alla caccia (Ital.), in the hunting style.
27Alla camera (Ital.), in the style of chamber music.
28Alla cappella (Ital.), the same as a cappella.
30Allacci (Allatius), Leo, b. 1586, Chios, of Greek parents, d. Rome, Jan. 19, 1669; went as a boy to Calabria, later to Rome, where, after diligent study, he became teacher at the Greek College, and in 1661 "custode" of the Vatican Library. For the history of music, the "Drammaturgia" (1666) of this learned archæologist is an important work; it is a catalogue of all dramas and operas produced in Italy up to his time.
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