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Scan 452
Dictionary of music, 1900
34 lines. Read by computer on 3 September 2026. Printed page 444. See the scan on archive.org.
1already at the age of thirteen, member of the court orchestra. Later on, he was appointed chief inspector and régisseur of the Court Opera. As a teacher of singing he trained Mallinger, Lucca, and Sembrich. (See LEBERT.)
3Leybach, Ignace, b. July 17, 1817, Gambsheim (Alsace), d. May 23, 1891, Toulouse, received his musical training, first at Strassburg, afterwards at Paris under Pixis, Kalkbrenner, and Chopin, and in 1844 became organist of the cathedral of Toulouse. L. was an excellent pianist, and published a great number of drawing-room pieces which became popular, also a harmony Method, concert pieces for the harmonium, a great organ Method ("L'organiste pratique," three vols., containing 130, 120, and 100 pieces), and some books of songs and motets with organ.
5Liaison (Fr.), (1) a bind, a syncopation.—(2) The playing or singing of a series of notes with one stroke of the bow, in one breath.—(3) A ligature.
7Libitum (Lat. ad libitum, abbr. ad lib.), at pleasure.
9Libretto (Ital., "little book"), the name given to the text (the text-book) of important vocal works, especially operas; Librettist, poet who writes the words for an opera.
11Licenza (Ital.), freedom, deviation from strict rules (for example, Canone con alcune licenze, canon with certain licence).
13Lichanos. (See GREEK MUSIC.)
15Lichner, Heinrich, b. March 6, 1829, Harpersdorf (Silesia), pupil of C. Karow (Bunzlau), Dehn (Berlin), Mosewius, Baumgart, and Ad. Hesse (Breslau), cantor and organist of the Church of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, Breslau, and conductor there of the "Sängerbund." He is a diligent composer (psalms, choral pieces, songs, many pf. pieces). His much-played sonatinas are shallow and unoriginal.
17Lichtenstein, Karl August Freiherr von, b. Sept. 8, 1767, Lahm, Franconia, d. Sept. 10, 1845, Berlin, successively intendant of the court theatres of Dessau, Vienna, and Berlin (1805), wrote words and music of operettas and operas: Knall und Fall (1795); Bathmendi (1798); Die steinerne Braut (1799); Ende gut, alles gut (1800); vaudeville, Mitgefühl (1800); all given at Dessau. Kaiser und Zimmermann (Strassburg, 1814); Die Waldburg (Dresden, 1822); Der Edelknabe (Berlin, 1823); Singethee und Liedertafel (Berlin, 1825); and Die deutschen Herren vor Nürnberg (Berlin, 1833).
19Lichtenthal, Peter, important writer on music, b. 1780, Pressburg, d. Aug. 18, 1853, Milan, studied medicine, but devoted himself entirely to music, and in 1810 settled in Milan. His published compositions are: a stringed quartet, a pf. trio with violin and 'cello, ditto with violin and viola, and some works for pf. alone. For the Teatro della Scala he wrote three operas and four ballets. His writings are: "Harmonik für Damen" (1806); "Der musikalische Arzt" (1807, on the healing power of music; also in Italian, 1811); "Orpheik, oder Anweisung, die Regeln der Komposition auf eine leichte und fassliche Art zu erlernen" (1807); "Cenni biografici intorno al celebre maestro W. A. Mozart" (1814); "Mozart e le sue creazioni" (1842, on the occasion of the unveiling of the Mozart memorial at Salzburg); "Estetica ossia dottrina del bello e delle belle arti" (1831); but his chief work is: "Dizionario e bibliografia della musica" (1826, four vols., the third and fourth vols. containing bibliography).
21Lie, Erica (married Nissen), excellent pianist, b. Jan. 17, 1845, Kongsvinger (near Christiania), was trained by her father and Kjerulf, afterwards by Kullak at Berlin; she has made herself known by numerous concert-tours on the continent and in England.
23Lié (Fr.), slurred, tied.
25Liebe, Eduard Ludwig, b. Nov. 19, 1819, Magdeburg, where he received musical training, was afterwards a pupil of Spohr and Baldewein at Cassel, then musical director at Coblenz, Mayence, Worms, for several years teacher of music in Strassburg, and finally in London. L. has composed numerous vocal and instrumental works, of which only songs have appeared in print and enjoyed popularity, and pf. pieces. An opera (Die Braut von Azola) was given in 1868 at Carlsruhe.
27Liebich, Ernst, b. April 13, 1830, Breslau, d. there Sept. 23, 1884, was a distinguished maker of violins at Breslau, where his father and grandfather had already been similarly engaged. L. worked under Vuillaume (Paris), Hart (London), and Bausch (Leipzig), and received many first prizes for his instruments.
29Liebig, Karl, the founder of the Berlin "Symphoniekapelle," b. July 25, 1808, Schwedt, d. Oct. 6, 1872, Berlin; he was at first clarinet-player in the Alexander regiment, and from 1843 established symphony concerts in various halls with a band playing on a co-operative system. These met with such great success that the band was engaged for concerts by the Berlin Vocal Societies ("Singakademie," the Stern "Gesangverein"). In 1860 he received the title of royal musical director. In 1867 the band became unfaithful to him, and placed itself under the direction of Stern, whilst L. founded a new orchestra, but with only moderate success. His son Julius, b. 1838, Berlin, d. there Dec. 26, 1885, was for many years capellmeister at Ems.
31Lieblich (Ger.), sweet, lovely, delicious. This word occurs often as an epithet in the names of organ stops, as L.-Gedackt, L.-Bourdon, etc.
33Lied, the union of lyric poetry with music, in which the words are sung in place of being
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