Scan 73
Groves Dictionary Of Music And Musicians,vol.3, 1907
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1KODÁLY
3teurs. He appeared in London in May 1893, and a composition of his written about that time was marked op. 46; in 1896 he celebrated the 1000th appearance in public.
5He has since attained an eminent position as a pianist, and has specialised in the performance of Chopin. When he returned to London, after a long interval, in Nov. 1924, he gave a series of four recitals of Chopin's music. His compositions include two operas, 'Rymond' (Elberfeld, 1902) and 'Die Sühne' (Mülhausen, 1909), a sonata in G and other works for the piano (Riemann).
7KODÁLY, ZOLTÁN (b. Kecskemét, Hungary, Dec. 16, 1882). composer, entered the Budapest Conservatoire in 1900 and studied under Hans Kocssler. In his student days he was influenced at first by Brahms and afterwards by Debussy, but the immature works written under the sway of these two masters have remained unpublished. About 1905 he began the study of Hungarian folk-music, and became absorbed in the task of tracing the traditional tunes to their sources, which were greatly obscured by foreign and gipsy influences. Like Béla Bartók he began to collect the original melodies among the peasantry, in some cases by means of direct notation from their singing, in others with the aid of the gramophone. (The problems to be faced by the collector of Hungarian folk-music are set forth in the article, Bartók.) Kodály has collected between 3000 and 4000 traditional melodies, the majority of which are still in MS., although some are now published jointly with Bartók. He also wrote a book on The Pentatonic Scale in Hungarian Folk-Music.
9In 1906 Kodály was appointed professor of composition at the Budapest Conservatoire. He was music critic to several prominent Hungarian papers for a number of years, and is still correspondent for some foreign musical periodicals.
11Kodály's work reveals the influence of his country's folk-music no less unmistakably than that of Bartók, but it does so in a different way. Each composer filters the national idiom through his own personality. The fundamentals of folk-song provide merely the raw material, the vocabulary, as it were, which they fashion by the individuality of their creative gifts into works of art. Kodály's music is distinguished by an originality that appears startling at a first hearing, but on closer acquaintance reveals a certain leaning towards tradition. He does not abandon tonality and accepted forms, but creates a new music of astonishing vitality within their limits. His instrumental writing is extremely interesting, and there is a close interdependence between his creative impulse and the particular medium chosen for its expression. The piano pieces are predominantly harmonic and percussive, the string quartets contrapuntal, and the pieces for solo string instruments (opp. 7 and 8) abound in appropriate technical problems and striking effects.
13WORKS
14Op.
151. 16 Songs. (1907-09.)
162. String Quartet No. 1. (1908.)
173. 10 Piano Pieces. (1909.)
184. Sonata for v'cl. and PF. (1909-10.)
195. 2 Songs with orch. (1912-13.)
206. 7 Songs. (1912-13.)
217. Duo for vln. and v'cl. (1914.)
228. Sonata for v'cl. solo. (1915.)
239. 6 Songs. (1914-15.)
2410. String Quartet No. 2. (1916-17.)
2511. 7 Piano Pieces. (1917-18.)
2612. Serenade for 2 vlns. and vla. (1919-20.)
2713. Psalm LV. for tenor solo, chorus and orch. (1923.)
28Hungarian Folk-songs (2 vols.). (With Béla Bartók.)
30KÖCHEL, DR. LUDWIG, RITTER VON (b. Stein, near Krems on the Danube, Jan. 14, 1800; d. Vienna, June 3, 1877), learned musician and naturalist, tutor to the sons of the Archduke Karl (1828-42). From 1850-63 he lived at Salzburg, and from the latter year to his death at Vienna. His work as a botanist and mineralogist does not concern us: as a musician he has immortalised his name by his Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichniss of all
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