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Scan 59
Pronouncing dictionary and condensed encyclopedia of musical terms, instruments, composers and important works, 1880
85 lines. Read by computer on 15 September 2026, twice; the two readings disagreed in places. Printed page 55. See the scan on archive.org.
1Period, a melodic or harmonic formation consisting of two or more sections, of which two must stand in the relation of antecedent and consequent. See Part Second.
3Perkins, Henry S., a teacher and writer of choral music, was born at Stockbridge Vt., March 20, 1833. Studied music at Boston, and commenced his work as conductor of musical conventions in 1860. Is author of about twenty collections of singing-class and convention music.
5Perkins, Jule E., brother of the preceding, a good pianist and composer, and a fine bass singer, was born at Stockbridge, Vt., 1845. Studied singing in Paris and Italy, and made his debut in opera there about 1868, with distinguished success. In 1873 he joined the Mapleson Opera Company in London. Died at Manchester, England, 1875.
7Perkins, W. O., Mus. Doc., composer and teacher of music, brother of the preceding, was born at Stockbridge, Vt., about 1829. Studied in Boston, conducted conventions, etc., since 1860. Resides in Boston.
9Perne, François Louis (pern), a learned French teacher of musical theory and composer. Born 1772 at Paris. Died 1832.
11Persiani, Jose' (pär-sē-ä'-nē). An opera composer. Born in one of the States of the Church, 1805.
13Perti, Giacomo Antonio (pär'-tē). A notable composer of the old school. Born 1661. His first mass was produced under his own direction in St. Peter's in 1680. Died 1756.
15Percussion (Eng. pér-kush'-ŏn). Striking, as applied to instruments, notes or chords; or the touch on the piano-forte.
17Perfect, complete, satisfactory. The perfect consonances are unison, octave, fifth and fourth.
19Perfect Cadence, a cadence consisting essentially of the chord of the dominant seventh, followed by the tonic, both chords uninvolved, and the soprano and bass having the tonic in the last chord.
21Perpetual Canon, a canon without an ending, like a round.
23Pesante (Ital. pě-zän'-tě). Heavy, ponderous, with importance and weight, impressively.
25Peschka-Leutner, Minna (pěs-khā loī'-nēr). A brilliant singer, long a favorite at Leipsic, and heard in this country in 1871. Born 1839 in Vienna.
27Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich (pěs-tā-lōt'-zi), the celebrated teacher, was born in Zurich, 1746, and devoted himself to improving the method of teaching children by presenting to them "the thing before the sign."
29Petrella, Enrico (ān-rē'-kō pā-trēl'-lā), an Italian composer of operas. Born in 1813, in Palermo, educated at Naples, and produced at the age of 15 his first opera. Was author of about twenty operas. Died 1877 in Genoa.
31Peu (Fr. pūh). Little, a little.
33Pezze (Ital. pl. pāt-sē). Fragments, scraps, select, detached pieces.
35Pfeife (Ger. pfī'-fē). Pipe, fife, flute.
37Pfeiffer, Oscar, pianist, born at Vienna, 1828, made concert tours 1845-1867 in Europe. In 1864 went to Rio Janeiro, where also he had fine success. Composes for the piano.
39Pflughaupt, Robert (pfloo-g'-howpt), a brilliant pianist. Born 1833 in Berlin. Studied with Liszt. Died 1863. one of two readings
40Pflughaupt, Robert (pfloo'-g'-howpt), a brilliant pianist. Born 1833 in Berlin. Studied with Liszt. Died 1863. one of two readings
42Phantasie (Ger. fän-tä'-see'). Fantasy, fancy, imagination.
44Philidor, François André, a French opera composer. Born 1726. Died in London, 1795. P. was the inventor of French comic opera, of which he composed 22.
46Philharmonic, lovers of harmony, a society devoted to the interests of music.
48Philosophy of Art, the relation of art to the human mind. See Part Four.
50Phone (Gr. fō'-ně). The voice, a sound or tone.
52Phonetik (Gr. fō-nět'-ĭk). System of singing, or of notation and harmony.
54Phrase, a short musical sentence, a musical thought or idea which makes sense, but not complete sense.
56Phrasing, the art of uniting tones into phrases, and separating phrases from each other, as well as the proper modulation of the sound so as to express the musical idea.
58Phrygian, one of the ancient Greek modes.
60Physharmonica (Gr. fīs-hăr-mōn'-ĭ-kā). An instrument, the tone of which resembles that of the reed pipes in an organ, and is produced by the vibration of thin metal tongues, of a similar construction to those of the harmonium. The name is also applied to a stop in the organ with free reeds, and with tubes of half the usual length.
62Piacere (Ital. pē-ä'-tshā'-rē). Pleasure, inclination, fancy; a piacere, at pleasure.
64Piacevole (Ital. pē-ä'-tshā-vō-lē). Pleasing, graceful, agreeable.
66Piacimento (Ital. pē-ä'-tshē-mān'-tō). See piacere.
68Pianino (Ital. pē-ä'-nē-nō). A small piano-forte.
70Piano (Ital. pē-ä'-nō). Soft, gentle.
72Piagendo (Ital. pē-ä'-jān'-dō). Plaintively, sorrowfully.
74Piano-forte. The distinguishing feature of the piano-forte is the use of an elastic hammer to strike the strings. Has been gradually evolved through countless modifications during the last two centuries. Steinway & Sons are the most brilliant and successful experimenters during the past twenty-five years.
76Piano a queu (Fr. pē-ä'-nō à kūh). A grand piano-forte.
78Piano Score, a series of staves arranged for representing vocal music and its piano-forte accompaniment.
80Piatti, Alfred, the celebrated 'cellist, was born in Bergamo, 1823, and appeared in public with great success at the age of 16. In 1846 he first came to London, where for the most part he has since resided. Is author of a number of pieces for 'cello and piano.
82Pibroch (pē'-brōk). A wild, irregular species of music, peculiar to the Highlands of Scotland, performed on the bagpipe.
84Picchiettato (Ital. pē-kē'-ēt-tā'-tō). Scattered, detached. In violin playing it means that sort of staccato indicated by dots under a slur.
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