Books › Pronouncing dictionary of musical terms, giving the meaning, derivation, and pronunciation … of Italian, German, French, and other words; the names with date of birth and death and nationality of the leading musicians of the last two centuries; English vocabulary, with equivalents in Italian, Germ, 1896 › scan 43
Scan 43
Pronouncing dictionary of musical terms, giving the meaning, derivation, and pronunciation … of Italian, German, French, and other words; the names with date of birth and death and nationality of the leading musicians of the last two centuries; English vocabulary, with equivalents in Italian, Germ, 1896
82 lines. Read by computer on 24 September 2026, twice; the two readings disagreed in places. Printed page 39. See the scan on archive.org.
1Form. The number, order, and key relation of the several themes that are combined to make an extended composition, such as the sonata, rondo, symphony, concerto, etc. The lyric or dance form is the germ from which all varieties of instrumental music have been developed. The simplest form of lyric melody may be thus divided: Motive, two measures; Section, two motives; Phrase, two sections; Sentence, two phrases; Period, two sentences, making sixteen measures in all. The lyric form may be extended indefinitely by the addition of new periods in related keys. One of the most usual is the addition of a new period in the key of the dominant, subdominant, or relative minor, followed by a repetition of the first period. This is called the Aria Form. It was formerly largely used in vocal music, and is now one of the most usual forms for the lighter class of piano music. The following outlines of sonata and rondo forms give their main characteristics. The sonata form is the form of the symphony, and of the trio, quartet, etc., for string instruments, or for piano with strings, or other instruments. The same is the case with the rondo; this form is frequently used for the final movement.
3Outline of Sonata Form in Major Key.
5FIRST HALF.
61st Theme. Tonic key.
72d Theme. Dominant key.
9SECOND HALF.
101st Theme. Development.
112d Theme. Tonic key.
13Sonata in Minor Key.
15FIRST HALF.
161st Theme. Tonic.
172d Theme. Relative major.
19SECOND HALF.
201st Theme. Development.
212d Theme. Tonic. Parallel major.
23Frequent deviations may be found from the foregoing schemes. The intervals between the themes are filled with transition passages or modulations so constructed as to heighten the effect of the theme that follows; codas are frequently added after both appearances of the second theme.
25Modern Rondo Form, Major Key.
27FIRST HALF.
281st Theme. Tonic.
292d Theme. Dominant.
301st Theme. Tonic.
32SECOND HALF.
333d Theme. Sub-dom. Rel. minor. Parallel minor.
341st Theme. Tonic. Tonic. Made from 1st theme or all the themes.
36For an example of this kind see Beethoven's No. 2 Sonata of the three dedicated to Haydn, last movement.
38Same Form of Rondo in Minor Key.
40FIRST HALF.
411st Theme. Tonic.
422d Theme. Relative major.
431st Theme. Tonic.
45SECOND HALF.
463d Theme. Sub-dom. and relative major.
471st Theme. Tonic. Tonic Minor. major.
49See last movement of Sonata Pathetique—Beethoven.
51Forte (It.) (for-teh). Loud. Fort (Fr.), Stark (Ger.). Meno forte, less loud. Mezzo forte (M. F.), half loud. Piu forte, louder. Poco forte, a little loud; rather loud. Sempre forte, always loud. Forte stop, a mechanism worked by the feet or the knee, or a draw-stop, by means of which the whole power of the harmonium, organ, etc., may be put on at once.
53Forte possibile (It.) (pos-see'-bee-leh), Fortissimo (It.). Loud as possible.
55Fortemente (It.). Loudly; forcibly.
57Forza (It.) (fortza), con. With force.
59Forzando (It.) (fortzando). Forcing the sound; emphasizing a certain note, indicated by <, \, fz, sfz. one of two readings
60Forzando (It.) (forzando). Forcing the sound; emphasizing a certain note, indicated by <, \, fz, sfz. one of two readings
62Forzato (It.) (fortzato), Sforzando, Sforzato. All have the same meaning as Forzando. one of two readings
63Forzato (It.) (forzato), Sforzando, Sforzato. All have the same meaning as Forzando. one of two readings
65Fourniture (Fr.). A mixture-stop in the organ.
67Fourth. (1) An interval embracing four letters. (2) The subdominant of the scale.
69Française (Fr.) (frong-says). A dance in triple time.
71Francamente (It.) (frank-a-men'-teh). Frankly; boldly.
73Franchezza (It.) (fran-ket'-za), Franchise (Fr.) (frong-shees). Freedom; confidence.
75Freddamente (It.). Frigidly; coldly.
77Fredezza (It.) (freh-det'-za), con. With coldness.
79Franz, Robert (frants). Composer; Germany. B. 1815.
81Frescobaldi, G. (fres-co-bal-dee). Composer, organist; Italy. B. 1583; d. 1644.
The computer misreads some letters and numbers. Where a name matters to you, read the scan.