Books › Pronouncing dictionary of musical terms, giving the meaning, derivation, and pronunciation … of Italian, German, French, and other words; the names with date of birth and death and nationality of the leading musicians of the last two centuries; English vocabulary, with equivalents in Italian, Germ, 1896 › scan 84
Scan 84
Pronouncing dictionary of musical terms, giving the meaning, derivation, and pronunciation … of Italian, German, French, and other words; the names with date of birth and death and nationality of the leading musicians of the last two centuries; English vocabulary, with equivalents in Italian, Germ, 1896
42 lines. Read by computer on 24 September 2026. Printed page 80. See the scan on archive.org.
1Ritornella (It.) (ree-tor-nel'-la). Interlude; chorus; burden; tutti in the old concertos.
2Robusto (It.) (ro-bus'-to). Robust; bold.
3Roger de Coverly. Old English country dance in 3/4 time.
4Röhrflöte (Ger.) (rare'-fla-teh). Reed-flute; a flute-stop in the organ.
5Rôle (Fr.) (roll). The part in an opera or play assigned to any performer.
6Roll, Wirbel (Ger.), Rollo (It.), Roulement (Fr.). The tremolo produced on the drum by the rapid alternation of blows with the drumsticks. On the kettle-drum the roll is produced by single alternating blows; on the side drum, by double alternating blows.
7Romance. (1) A ballad. (2) An instrumental piece in lyric form, of romantic character; often used as the slow movement of a sonata, etc.
8Romanesca (It.) (ro-ma-nes'-ca), Romanesque (Fr.) (ro-man-esk). Same as Gal-liard.
9Romantic. A vague term for that form of art in which the emotional content is considered as of more importance than the form. The term "romantic" is often used as opposed to classic; but the application of "classic" is as vague as is that of "romantic." The element of time seems to be an essential of classicism, the work of a living author never being considered classic. The term romantic may be defined as roughly dividing the music written on harmonic principles from that written before the principles of harmonic combination and succession were discovered; but already the romantic school has been sub-divided into what may be called the classic-romantic and the new-romantic; but since every "new" thing must in time become "old," this last school must, when its day is past, give place to a newer romanticism.
10Rondo, Rondeau (Fr.). One of the forms of composition characterized by the return of the first theme after the presentation of each new theme. The modern rondo partakes of the character of the sonata form, in that its second theme is repeated in the tonic key, having been first given in the dominant key. The following schemes exhibit at a glance the usual forms of the rondo:—
12MAJOR KEY.—I Th. II Th. I Th. || III Th. I Th. II Th. I Th.
13Tonic. Dom. Tonic Subdom. Tonic. Tonic. Tonic.
15MINOR KEY.—I Th. II Th. I Th. || III Th. I Th. II Th. I Th.
16Tonic. Rel. Tonic. Subdom. Tonic. Tonic. Tonic.
17major. major. of rel. major. major.
19Example of Rondo in Major Key,—last movement of Op. 2, No. 2 (Beethoven).
20Example of Rondo in Minor Key,—last movement of Sonata Pathetique.
22Root. The fundamental or generating note of a chord.
23Rosalia (It.) (ros-al-ya). The repetition of a melodic phrase several times, each time one degree higher or lower than the last. It gets its name from an Italian folk-song, "Rosalia Mia Cara," the melody of which is constructed in this way. Although not considered good writing, many examples may be found in the works of the greatest composers. Three such repetitions are generally considered allowable. In Germany the Rosalia has the ludicrous name of Schusterfleck (cobbler's patch), also Vetter Michel (Cousin Michel), from its occurrence in a well-known Volkslied, "Gestern Abend war Vetter Michel da."
24Rose. The sound-hole in the belly of the guitar, mandolin, etc.
25Rosin. See Resin.
27Ritter, A. G. Composer, organist; Germany. B. 1811; d. 1885.
28Ritter, Fred. L. Composer, writer; Alsace. B. 1831; d. 1892.
29Ritter, Fanny Raymond (wife of Fred.). Writer; U. S. A. B. 1840.
30Ritter, Theodore. Composer, pianist; France. B. 1841; d. 1886.
31Rochlitz, F. J. Composer, critic; Germany. B. 1769; d. 1842.
32Rockstro, Will. S. Composer, writer; England. B. 1830.
33Rode, J. P. J. Composer, violinist; France. B. 1774. d. 1830.
34Roeckel, J. A. Tenor; Germany. B. 1783; d. 1870.
35Roeckel, Ed. (son of J. A.). Composer, pianist; France. B. 1816.
36Roeckel, J. L. (son of J. A.). Composer, pianist; England. B. 1838. [J. L. Roeckel writes under the pseudonym of Edward Dorn.]
37Romberg, Andreas. Composer, violinist; Germany. B. 1767. d. 1821.
38Romberg, Bernhard. Composer, 'cellist; Germany. B. 1767; d. 1841.
39Ronconi, Sebastian (ron-ko'-nee). Baritone; Italy. B. 1814.
40Röntgen, Julius. Composer, pianist; Germany. B. 1855.
41Root, Geo. F. Composer, writer; U. S. A. B. 1820; d. 1895.
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