Scan 51
STOKES, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MUSIC AND MUSICIANS VOLUME 1, 1908
4 lines. Read by computer on 15 September 2026. No printed page number was found. See the scan on archive.org.
1one of the greatest organists and theorists of his time, ruined himself in dissipation and died in want. Eldest son of JOHANN SEBASTIAN, who educated him, he studied at the Thomasschule and won honours in mathematics at Leipsic University. Organist at Dresden, and in 1747 at the Liebfrauenkirche, Halle, he was without regular employment from 1764, when he resigned, to his death, Berlin, 1784. Johann Christoph Friedrich, "the Bückeburg Bach," composed operas, oratorios, and passion music; chapelmaster to Count Schaumberg at Bückeburg. B. Leipsic, June 25, 1732; ninth son of JOHANN SEBASTIAN; d. Jan. 26, 1795. Carl Philip Emanuel, greatest of the sons of Johann Sebastian, is discussed in a special article. Johann Christian, "the Milanese or English Bach," composed the opera "Catone," performed in Milan, 1758; conducted Mrs. Cornely's subscription concerts in London with Abel from 1765 to 1775, when they established their own series, lasting until 1782; taught music to English Royal family; composed the operas "Temistocle," "Adriano in Siria," "Lucio Silla," "La Clemenza di Scipione," and much piano music. B. Leipsic, 1735; 11th son of JOHANN SEBASTIAN; studied in Berlin with his brother C. P. Emanuel; visited Naples, Milan; organist Milan Cathedral, 1760-62; d. London, Jan. 1, 1782. Johann Gottfried Bernhard became organist to the Marienkirche, Mülhausen, 1735, and the following year of the Sangerhausen Jacobikirche. B. May 11, 1715; son of JOHANN SEBASTIAN; d. while studying law at Jena, May 27, 1739. Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst composed "Huldigungs cantata" in honour of the accession of Frederick William II of Prussia, who made him cembalist to the Queen, taught the royal children two generations, assisted with his wife and two daughters at dedication of monument at the Thomasschule, Leipsic, in honour of Johann Sebastian. B. Bückeburg, May 27, 1759; son of JOHANN CHRISTOPH FRIEDRICH, and last of the descendants of the Johann Sebastian Bachs bearing the name; d. Berlin, Dec. 25, 1845.
3Bach (Johann Sebastian) composed the Passions according to St. Matthew and St. John, which have caused most works along these lines to be forgotten; organ music in every form which has never been excelled; brought the art of fugue to its highest perfection; established the much debated system of equal temperament with his "Well Tempered Clavier," "Das Wohltemperirte Clavier," which enforced its value by presenting preludes and fugues in every key; revolutionized the technique of keyboard instruments by first bringing into equal play the little finger and thumb; threw his influence in favour of the harmonic system as opposed to the church modes; invented the viola pomposa and the Lauten-clavicymbalum; taught with distinguished success, and composed chamber music in all varieties. Born at Eisenach in Mar., 1685, baptized Mar. 23, the son of Johann Ambrosius Bach and Elizabeth, born Lammerhit; he received violin lessons from his father, but, being left an orphan at the age of ten, went to live with his elder brother, Johann Christoph, organist at Ohrdruf. His brother taught him clavier, but forbade him to touch a manuscript collection of Buxtehude, Frohberger, and others, and when the lad managed to copy it by moonlight after six months' labour, so great was his desire for an insight into the best music of his day, took it from him. He had attended the local lyceum, but at 15 he was admitted a free scholar at St. Michael's Lüneburg, because of his lovely soprano voice. There he studied organ with Böhm and made excursions to hear Reinken at Hamburg and to Celle, where the French composers were in fashion. At 18 he joined the band of Prince Johann Ernst at Weimar, and a few months later became organist of the new church at Arnstadt. He walked to Lübeck to hear Buxtehude play the organ, and remained until the church authorities recalled him to Arnstadt. 1707 found
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