Scan 44
Stokes Encyclopedia Of Music And Musicians Volume Ii, 1908
2 lines. Read by computer on 18 September 2026. No printed page number was found. See the scan on archive.org.
1number to English words, a 4-part motet. The family then departed for The Hague, but owing to illness, which attacked the boy, girl, and father in turn, were prevented from giving a concert until Jan., 1766. Two successful entertainments at Amsterdam, at one of which the boy's symphony, 22 was performed, were followed by festivities at The Hague for the installation of the Prince of Orange as Stadtholder. The six sonatas for violin and piano, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31, and the "Galimathias Musicum," a concerto grosso, 32, and the harpsichord variations on "Willem van Nassau" were composed in Holland, and then the family set out for Salzburg, giving concerts on the journey, and arriving at their home in Nov., 1766. With the exception of a sudden flight in a vain attempt to escape an epidemic of smallpox (both children were attacked), the next two years were spent at home in study and composition. Fux's "Gradus ad Parnassum" was the text-book for Mozart, as for many other great musicians. His compositions included the sacred cantata "Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebotes," done as a test imposed by the Archbishop of Salzburg, a Passions cantata, 42, the piano concertos 37, 39, 40, 41, and the Latin comedy, "Apollo et Hyacinthus." The Mozarts then visited Vienna. The young composer's first opera, "La finta Semplice," was composed by order of the Emperor, though not performed until the operetta "Bastien und Bastienne" had been given at the home of the Mesmer family. The B flat major string quartet, 46, a trumpet concerto, and several church pieces were composed during this visit. On returning to Salzburg he was appointed concertmeister to the Archbishop, though without salary, composed the two masses, 65, 66, and the Johannes Offertorium, 72. In 1769 Mozart's father took him on a tour of Italy, where he was heartily welcomed by the musicians, including Padre Martini and Farinelli, and became intimate with the young English musician Thomas Linley. He performed the remarkable feat of noting the Allegri Miserere from memory, after hearing it in the Sistine Chapel, and after having given successful concerts from Milan to Naples, was made Knight of the Golden Spur by the Pope, an extraordinary honour for a boy of 14. The Bologna Accademia Filarmonica broke its rules to honour him with membership, and during the same year he received some instruction in counterpoint from Padre Martini. "Mitridate, Rè di Ponto," Milan, Dec. 26, conducted by the composer, established him as a favourite with Italian lovers of opera, and won him several commissions. During a short sojourn in Salzburg, Mozart composed a Litany, 109, a Regina coeli, 108, and a symphony, 110. Then returning to Milan he composed the cantata "Ascanio in Alba" for the marriage of Archduke Ferdinand to Beatrice of Modena, Milan, Oct. 15, 1771, for which the Empress sent him a gold watch and a liberal fee; the symphony, 112, and the divertimento, 113. Again in Salzburg, Mozart was ordered to compose an opera for the inauguration of von Colloredo, the Archbishop elected on the death of the composer's earlier patron. "Il Sogno di Scipione" was the result, and the symphonies, 114, 124, 128, 129, 130, the divertimento, 131, a Regina coeli, 127, the Litany "de venerabili," 125, and the string quartets, 136, 137, and 138 were composed during the same year. Up to this time Mozart's life had been exceptionally happy. He had worked hard, but though a strict taskmaster, Leopold Mozart had been a kind and indulgent father, and as an "infant phenomenon" in company with his sister, Maria Anna, or "Nannerl," the young musician had been petted by the courts of London, Paris, Vienna. The new Archbishop of Salzburg proved inappreciative of art and brutal to his artists. In contrast to the consideration with which he had been treated elsewhere, Mozart was forced to eat with the servants, and was treated as one, but it was not until 1781 that he mustered up courage to free himself from this disagreeable en-
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