Scan 237
The American history and encyclopedia of music, 1908
10 lines. Read by computer on 11 September 2026. No printed page number was found. See the scan on archive.org.
1instrument or of producing a special effect, while the diapasons give the individual organ tones, such as no other instrument gives.
3Each keyboard connects with a separate row of pipes and usually possesses a compass of fifty-six notes, although the tendency is to extend this to the complete five octaves. The range of an organ computed in the number of vibrations of the tones produced, is from 16 to 8272, which may be compared with that of the pianoforte, 27 to 4136, and that of the violin, 82 to 1044. Draw-straps on the keyboard also bring into use couplers which connect the different keyboards. For instance, when the "swell" to "great" is drawn and keys on the "great" are depressed, the corresponding keys on the "swell" will act also. The sliders of both stops having been drawn the combined pipes create a greatly increased sound. By using all the couplers, the entire range of pipes may sound, producing a mammoth effect.
5The principal keyboard or manual is known as the "great" organ. The one above is called the "swell" and connects with a series of pipes enclosed in a box, which can be opened by a shutter like a Venetian blind and which is manipulated by means of a pedal. When the box is closed, the tones are subdued but when crescendo is desired the box is opened. The manual below the "great" is the "choir," connecting also some flute and reed solo stops. In larger organs the fourth or "solo" manual is above the "swell" and connects with pipes on heavy pressure designed for especially loud effects, and above it at times is placed the "echo" keyboard connecting with pipes in another part of the building.
7With the hands so completely employed, the organist must also be expert in performing upon the pedals, which are larger keys played with the feet and having a compass of about thirty notes. To play upon them is difficult as the organist must find the pedals entirely by instinct.
9The pipes are of metal or of wood. The cheapest metal and that most commonly used is composed of one part tin
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